This study aims to find out the learning outcomes of Social Science students of Class V of SD Negeri 42 Bateballa before the use of the Role Playing learning model, to find out the learning outcomes of Social Science students of Class V of SD Negeri 42 Bateballa after the use of the Role Playing learning model, to find out the influence of the use of the Role Playing learning model on the improvement of social science learning outcomes of Class V students of SD Negeri 42 Bateballa. This type of research is a pre-experiment with a one group pretest-postest design. The research approach is a quantitative approach based on positivistic philosophy. The population in this study is class V of SDN 42 Bateballa. The sample in this study is class V with a total of 20 students. The data collection method used in this study is a test and documentation format. The instrument used is a learning outcome test. The data processing and analysis techniques used are descriptive statistics and hypothesis tests. The results of this study show that the learning outcomes of class V students of SDN 42 Bateballa, Bantaeng Regency before the use of the role playing learning model of 50.00 are in the category of needing guidance. The learning outcomes of grade V students of SDN 42 Bateballa, Bantaeng Regency after the use of the role playing learning model of 80.00 are in the good category. Based on the Paired Sample t-test, a significance value (2-tailed) of 0.000 was obtained. The significance value obtained is less than α (0.000 < 0.05). so that the use of the role playing learning model has a positive effect on the learning outcomes of social studies students of SDN 42 Bateballa, Bantaeng Regency.